What does the Government spend money on?
Functional categories
Data
Recent developments
What does the Government spend money on?
The Government spends money on a wide range of functions, such as health, education and defence.
Functional categories
Functional categories are based on the UN Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG), the international standard. Functional analyses differ from departmental spending analyses because they include local authorities as well as central government, and devolved authorities as well as English departments. Further information on HMT functional analysis, including its derivation from UN COFOG, is available in the following PDF file.
> PDF file of Guide to HMT functional analyses (201 KB)
Not all public spending can be allocated to a function so a new aggregate is defined called "Total Expenditure on Services". This is spending within Total Managed Expenditure that can be allocated by function. It covers most expenditure included in Total Managed Expenditure (TME) but excludes some accounting and other adjustments that cannot be allocated to a function. More information on Total Expenditure on Services can be found in Appendix E of Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses (PESA) 2005.
> PDF file of PESA 2005 Appendix E: Expenditure on services (58 KB)
Data
TME outturns are published quarterly by ONS in the Public Sector Accounts. The central government components of TME can also be updated monthly as part of the public sector finance statistics release. Latest TME data (and its components) are available in the Public Finances Databank .
Public spending by function data are published annually in chapter 3 of Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses (PESA). Key public spending by function data are updated at 3 other times of the year through the Public Spending Annual Outturns News Release .
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Excel file of Latest functional data - December 2005 (81 KB)
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CSV file of Latest functional data - December 2005 (27 KB)
> PDF file of PESA 2005 Chapter 3 (94 KB)
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Excel file of PESA 2005 Chapter 3 Tables (162 KB)
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CSV file of PESA 2005 Chapter 3 Tables (34 KB)
Recent Developments
PESA 2005 included an historical series of public spending by function in Table 3.2. The methodology for producing the series is outlined in detail in a technical note.
The presentation since PESA 2004 differs from previous presentation of functional spending. The change in methodology was pre-announced on 10 March 2004 in a detailed technical note.
Some documents are available in Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format (PDF). If you do not have Adobe Acrobat installed on your computer you can download the software free of charge from the Adobe website .
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