The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (RIPA)

The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Bill was introduced in the House of Commons on 9 February 2000 and completed its Parliamentary passage on 26 July. The Bill received Royal Assent on 28 July.

The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (RIPA) provides for, and regulates the use of, a range of investigative powers, by a variety of public authorities. It updates the law on the interception of communications to take account of technological change such as the growth of the Internet. It also puts other intrusive investigative techniques on a statutory footing for the very first time; provides new powers to help combat the threat posed by rising criminal use of strong encryption; and ensures that there is independent judicial oversight of the powers in the Act.

RIPA is consistent with the Human Rights Act 1998 and creates a system of safeguards, reflecting the requirements of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). It contains 5 parts providing for powers in relation to specific investigative techniques or establishing systems of scrutiny, oversight and redress.

Part I relates to the interception of communications and the acquisition and disclosure of communications data. Part II relates to the use of covert surveillance, agents, informants and undercover officers. Part III covers the investigation of electronic data protected by encryption. Part IV provides for independent judicial oversight of the powers in the Act. Part V covers miscellaneous and supplemental matters such as consequential amendments, repeals and interpretation.

The text of RIPA, Explanatory Notes and links to information and guidance specific to Parts I-IV (e.g. statutory instruments and codes of practice) may be accessed via the hyperlinks at the top and side of this page.